Representação Social da obesidade: análise com estudantes do ensino médio e universitários

The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the social representations elaborated by high school and university students about obesity. The study enrolled 200 high school students from public and private schools and 200 university students from João Pessoa, Brazil. The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire analyzed through descriptive statistics performed at SPSS software and a Free Word Association Test with “obesity” as the stimulus, analyzed through prototypic analysis at Iramuteq software. The analysis revealed common elements of the central core of these representations that shows an unifactorial conception regarding the causes of obesity, relating it mainly to poor nutrition and without considering the psychosocial aspects related to the phenomenon, which can lead to blame and prejudice. This study means to stimulate interventions that present accurate information about obesity, to clarify its multifactoriality and to reduce prejudice toward obese people.  El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y comparar las representaciones sociales elaboradas por estudiantes de la enseñanza media y universitarios frente a la obesidad. Participaron del estudio 200 estudiantes de educación secundaria de escuelas públicas y privadas y 200 universitarios de universidad de João Pessoa, Brasil. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario sociodemográfico analizado a través de estadísticas descriptivas realizadas en el software SPSS y Técnica de Asociación Libre de Palabras con el estímulo "obesidad", analizado por medio de análisis prototípico en el software Iramuteq. El análisis reveló elementos comunes en los núcleos centrales de esas representaciones que evidencian una concepción unifactorial en relación a las causas de la obesidad, asociándola principalmente con la mala alimentación, sin considerar consistentemente los aspectos psicosociales relacionados, lo que puede llevar a culpabilización y al prejuicio. Se espera con este estudio estimular intervenciones que puedan esclarecer sobre la multifactorialidad del fenómeno y disminuir el prejuicio existente.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar as Representações Sociais elaboradas por estudantes do ensino médio e universitários frente à obesidade. Participaram do estudo 200 estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas e privadas e 200 universitários de universidade de João Pessoa, Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário sociodemográfico, analisado através de estatísticas descritivas realizadas no software SPSS e Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras a partir do estímulo “obesidade”, analisado por meio de Análise Prototípica no software IRAMUTEQ. A análise revelou elementos comuns nos núcleos centrais dessas representações que evidenciam uma concepção unifatorial em relação às causas da obesidade, relacionando-a principalmente à má alimentação, sem considerar consistentemente os aspectos psicossociais associados, o que pode levar à culpabilização e ao preconceito. Espera-se com este trabalho estimular estudos futuros e intervenções que apresentem informações acuradas sobre a obesidade e possam diminuir o preconceito em relação às pessoas obesas

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2013: volume 2: metodologias de ensino e a apropriação de conhecimento pelos alunos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2013: volume 2: metodologias de ensino e a apropriação de conhecimento pelos alunos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora